An Analysis of Fall Incidence Rate and Its Related Factors of Fall in Inpatients

Kim, Chul-Gyu; Suh, Moon-Ja

Journal of Korean Society Quality Assurance Health Care 2002;9(2): 210.
Published online December 30, 2002.

입원환자 낙상 발생 실태와 원인에 관한 분석 연구

김철규¹, 서문자²

¹서울아산병원 CPI팀
²서울대학교 간호대학

An Analysis of Fall Incidence Rate and Its Related Factors of Fall in Inpatients

Chul-Gyu Kim¹, Moon-Ja Suh²

¹Clinical performance improvement team, ASAN medical center
²College of Nursing, Seoul National University

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this research was to examine the fall incidence rate and its related factors of fall in inpatients.
Methods
The data were collected from the 138 fall incident reports in one tertiary hospital in Seoul from April 1st 1999 to September 30th 2001. The Fall Incident Report Form was originally developed based on that of Massachusetts General Hospital revised in 1995. And this was modified for this survey by the collaborating work of QI team including researcher and department of nursing service of this particular hospital. The contents of Fall Incident Form were general characteristics of patient. factors related to fall. types and places of fall. circumstances, nursing interventions. and outcome.
Results
1) The incidence rate of fall was 0.08% of total discharged patients and 0.081 per 1000 patient-day. This incidence rate is much lower than that of several hospitals in USA. This finding might result from the different incidence report system of each hospital. 2) The characteristics of fall-prone patient were found as follows. They were mostly over 60 years old, in alert mental status, ambulatory with some assistance, and dependent on ambulatory device. The types of diseases related high incidence rate were cerebrovascular disease(3.2), hypertension(1.6), cardiovascular disease(1.4), diabetes(1.3) and liver disease(0.6). 3) The majority of fall events usually occurred m bed. bedside(walking or standing) and bathroom in patient room. Usually they were up on their own when they fell. And there were more falls of elderly occurred during night time than day or evening. 4) 63.8% of fall events resulted in physical injuries such as fracture and usually the patients had diagnostic procedures and some treatment(ex. suture) which caused additional cost to the patients and their families. 5) The found risk factors of fall were drugs(antihypertensive drug, diuretics) and environmental factors like too high bed height, long distance of bedside table and lamp switch, and slippery tile of bathroom floor.
Conclusion
Considering these results, every medical and nursing staff should be aware of the risk factors of patients in hospital, and should intervene more actively the preventive managements, specially for the elderly patients during night. Therefore, it is recommended that the development of Fall Prevention Programs based on these results.

Key words Fall;Risk factor;Inpatient;